This first-of-its-kind IEA report shows scaling up critical minerals recycling can deliver major benefits for energy security, diversification and emissions reductions. It shows that there is vast potential for expanding recycling worldwide, if the right policy incentives are in place, as EVs reach end-of-life and feedstock availability increases rapidly after 2030. The market for recycled battery metals is already growing fast with an 11-fold increase in less than a decade, albeit from a relatively low base.
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