The think tank states that by using the removal of Section 232 ‘national security’ tariffs on steel and aluminium imports as a bargaining chip, the US demands that the EU engage in negotiations on the ‘Global Arrangement on Sustainable Steel and Aluminium’ to restore market-oriented conditions and address carbon intensity. The Bruegel report gives insight on EU and US perspectives on the ongoing negotiations and evaluates their initial negotiation proposals.

Download: Bruegel (July 2023) Section 232 reloaded: the false promise of the transatlantic ‘climate club’ for steel and aluminium, via this link.